Hair-drying machine



Feb. 23 1926.. 1,574,343

' E. o. FREDERICS HAIR DRYING MACHINE Filed Oct. 14, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet l INWNTOR. IE ERNEST QFREDERICS.

ATTORNEY:

Feb. 23 ,1926. 1,574,343

. E. O. FREDERICS HAIR DRYING MACHINE Filed Oct. 14, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 6 fig 11V VENT 0R.

ERNEST a F EDl-ZRICS.

ATTORNEY:

" was taken at;

Patented Feb. 23, 1926.

Toall {whom it may concern, 1

Beit-known that"I, -ERNEsr O. Fnnnnmos, residing at New York, in' the county and State of "-New- York, haveinvented certain new and-useful Improvements in Hair-D13 ing Machines, of which the following is. a specification. 1 a

; This invention relates to improvements in drying apparatus, and'more particularlyto F apparatus commonly employed for drying hair and like substances.

' Oneof the objects of the invention isto provide new and improved apparatus of this character, which will operate in a highly eflicient manner to perform functions. for s which it is constructed.

" Another object of the invention is to provide a portable hair. drying apparatus which is ofexceedinglycompact structure, and in which the'centre of gravity is such that the apparatus maybe freely moved from place to place without danger of the same tipping over;

' Another object of the" invention is to provide in an apparatus of the'above character, new and improved means for heating the current of air forced through said device by the motor driven fan: f

A further ob'e'ct'bf the invention is'to orovide' new and improved means for regumtusx; 1

'Otherobjects-and aims of the-invention, morepriless specificthan those referred to abovei'will-be in partobviousgan'd in part pointed, out'1n -the course of the following current'o f air passing through the appadescripti'onof 'the elements, combinations:

arrangements of parts and applications of principles; constituting the invention; and

the sc lope' of protectioncontemplated will be an elevation a1 view, partly in r constructionvoffmy improved dee'w similarlto' Figure '1, h a ngles' to said last, men- ,jtioned a I ig'ureFf3 "5 fan e1 ation'al view of the. vatin'g' el'einen't T 4 1s ranaversesectional view through the heating element on the TAT j imnns'ro. manna-arcs, or nnw YORK, N ,Y.

,iating the amount of heat imparted-to the 1'3" ectiojn, showing a portion;- of the,

PATENT OFFICE-14 Ham-DRYING MACHINE;

1 appl cation filed'fletober 14, 1921 ,Serial No. 507,654.

line 44 f Figure 3, looking the direction of'the arrows, showing one means for supporting the same within the machine.

Figure 5 isan elevational View showing a different form of means for supporting the heating element.- I I Y Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view through a heating element, slightly different construction from that shown in Figures 3 and 4t. a

Figure is a perspective view showing means for, supporting the heating element,

illustrated in Figure 5 Figure 8 is a transverse sectional View taken on line 8-8 of Figure 2', looking in the direction of the arrows and Figure 9 1s a diagrammatic view, showing the wiring connections controlling the motor, and the heating element.

Referring now to 'the' drawings, wherein similar reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several'views of the drawings,'the reference numeral 1 denotes the casing of my improved machine,

the lat-,

ter being formed of metal and clamped at itslower end by means of the screws 2, tea base portion 3. The casing is provided near its lower end with a circularly formed'air inlet opening 4, which is disposed directly opposite the. blades 5 otfa fan 6, mounted" upon the shaft 7 jof'the electric'motor; the casing of which is shown at 8; Thefcasing of th s motor, is clamped to the sidewall of the casing r 1 An arm or bracket 9, extending upwardly vfrom the basermember 3, is connected to the motor casing8, by'the clamp bo1ts'10; Inasmuch as the motor casing 8 is fastened to the maincasing 1, it will be seen that the said casing 1, includingthe motor casing'ls supported at two spaced points upon the.

base member 3. The supportfor the entire machine comprises a baseimenib'er 11 in the form of a tripod, the legs of whlch areffurmished with the usualicasters 12, the central portion of said tripod being provided with an a erture 13,-ada ted to receive the hol low s haftl i, of the ass member B; a shoulder 15 upon said base member?) resting upon a shoulder 16 of thetripod, wh ich' shoulder surrounds the centrally disposed aperturez The bearing thus' provided a the hm ember 3 1s such that the entire casing and upon the ei iclosed parts arefreely rotate-hi1; be ed tripod. I Infthis connection Yparatus is relatively low or near the floor,-'

that the motor being the heaviest part of the device is located directly above the tripod, so that the centre of gravity of the ap- 23 of the part1? of the casingl, is a-fiexible tube 24,'having-the exit opening or noazle 25. This tube normally-hangs by gravity,

in the position shown in Figure 2, but is adapted to'be swung upwardly so that the inlet end 26 thereof will be carried into registry to the exit end 23 of thepart 17 of 'thecasing; a spring catch 27 en agingwith afi internal shoulder 28 operating to' hold the flexible tube in said last mentioned posicharg from-the apparatus.

tion. The tube 24 is Ipreferably composed of an suitable materia In practice I have foun that an outer layer 29 of leather, and an inner layer 30 of canvas, may be used in this connection a coil spring 31 operating to hold the tube in a distended condition,

- and also permitting the same to be bent 'or ,flexed, as. when it is desired to manlpulatethe "nozzle 25 to various positions with respect to the head of the person whose hair is bein subjected to the current of air-dis- The heating element support 32 'is mounted within the section 17.of the casing 1, and is T generally. of arhomboidal or double frustoconical shape or form in elevation. In

cross-section, as shown in Figures 4, 6 and 8, it hasthe form of a cross, having radially extending arms 33, 34, 35 and 36, which arms it will be noted extend from one end to the other of the heating element support. The edges of each of the arms 33 to 36 inclusive, are preferably formed with small recesses or notches 37 which form seats for the resistance wire 33, which is supported by and coiled about the said heatmg ele-' went from one end to the-other thereof. This support i'seonstructed of an. insulating and high heat resisting material. Various substances maybe used in this relation. .In

ractioeI have found'that a block of lava 18 very eflicient-for use in 'thisoonnection.

. In the embodiment of my invention,- shown in Figures 3, 4 and 6, .thisblockor heetitfi;

' discharged through the. mac

element'su rt, which I have design).

by the re 'renee numeral 39,"is clamped between the'clump screws 42, set screws 43 received the nozzle 25 in' this heate member the straps endflby menisci.

in a circular groove 44 provided on the lower end 45 of the block, assisting the? straps 40 and 41 to hold the heating xelem'ent support against displacement.

Guides 46 clamped to the upper end of theblock 39, engage the inner surface of the section 17 ofthe casing and operate as steadying or supporting -means to prevent lateral displacement of the upper 'cnd of the heating element support. The strap 41 is clamped to the inner surface of the ring 19, as clearly shown in Figure 2 of the dlliylvings, whereby the entire heating ele ent support is rigidly supported within the section 17 of the casing.

- In Figures 5 and 7, instead of clamping the lower end of the block 39 between thestraps 40 and 41, a plate or base member 47 is p'ovided, upon which the lower end of the lock rests, and upon'which it is fas; tened as by means of t e clamp screws 48, said plate having downwardly extending integrally formed ears "49, which are clamped to a bracket 50, the flanged ends 51 of which are fastened 'to the inner surface of the ring 19, in a manner similar to which the strap 41 is fastened thereto.

By reason of the double-tapered form of the lock 39 of the heating element support, it will be seen that substantially the entire volume of air passing through the apparatus is carried into contact with the resistance wire, the space between the cross members'or blades .33 to 36 inclusive of said block, forming passageways through which the current is freely projected.

It will be understood, of course, that the block 39 also becomes highly heated by the resistance wire, so that the current of air passing through the casing is brought into intimate contact with this highly heated body including both the block and the resistance wires, is in turn heated thereby, and is discharged from the a paratus through condition.

The lower end of the block 39 is provided with the terminals 52 and 53, which terminals are connected, with the resistance wire, and which are in-turn connected with the leading-in wires 54 and 55, the latter extending from the switch 56, carried upon a bracket 57 of the ring 19, said switch having the usual operating handle or button 58.

Located 1n the hollow shaft 14 of the base 3 is -a resistance element or rheostet 59. This-resistance element or rheostat is connected'through one of theleading-in wires of the feed cable 60', through the switch 56 with-the motor, whereby the latter may be driven at variable speeds; thus causing a 'greateror less quantitxugi'air tobe an the temperature of the air may while ma ining a conmt.

ofthe'heeting element.

Referring now to the electrical equipment of the machine as illustrated in the diagram of Figure 9, the reference numeral A designates a five pole switch-B the motor,C

the resistance or rheostatemployed to vary of the resistance coil or rheostat 0. The

wire connected to the point 0 after passing through the heater D-is shunted to the other terminal of the main line. Terminal 7 of the motor B is shunted to the same line as at f. The pole d of the switch is connected at the point a? of the resistancec. The switch terminal 6' is connected with the rheostat terminal 0 as shown on Fig. 9, The other terminal 9 of the motor B is connected to the-resistance C at of. The switch has the following positions:

QFirst position :Connecting the pole a with 6, current going through the entire length of resistance C, and then through the motor B, whereby the motor is run at low speed.

Second position :.The pole a is connected with the poles 0 and (Z, the current going through the heater D and also through twothirds of the resistance C, and then through the motor. This runs the motor at the medium speed.

Q Third position :-.The pole a is connected to the poles 0 and ecurrent passing through the heaterD, and through the remaining portion of the resistance C, and

. then through the motor. B. This runs the motor at the full speed.

In the fourth position, with current off,

all the binding posts of the switch A are disconnected. It will be noted that in all the working positions of the switch, the motor and heating unit are connected in parallel.

It will be also observed that inasmuch as the heating unit has a fixed temperature,

' the variation of the speed of the motor driven fan causing a variable quantity of air to be discharged through the machine, the temperature of the air may be varied at wi l.

It will accordingly be seen that I have.

chine being low, makes the same very difficult to be tipped over when moved from one place to another. The handle by which the machine is moved is located in a convenient position and may be readily grasped by the hand of the operator. The switch being carried by this manipulating handle is also in a most convenient position to be manipulated by the operator.

Moreover, the construction and form of the heating element is such. that substantially all of the air passing through the machine comes in direct contact either with the heating wire itself, or with the heatedsupport upon which'the resistance wire is mount-ed.

Another advantage accruing by reason of the construction shown is that all the operating parts of the device, save the switch, are enclosed within the' casing, thereby reducing to a minimum the chances of the machine becoming disordered or deranged through careless handling on the parts of operators. i

As many changes could be made in this construction without departing from the scope of the following claims, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawing shall be interpreted as illustrative only and not in a limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention what I claim'as new and desire to secure by Let-- ters Patent is:

1. In ahair drying machine, the combination with a casing, of a fan, a unitary refractory heating element support having tapering end portions, cruciform cross-section and being supported in the casing in the path of air driven by the said fan, a resistance wire wound upon the said support, a switch for controlling current to said resistance, the said casing having a hinged flexible end portion whereby the casing may be extended in length beyond said support.

2. In a hairdrying machine, the combination with a casing, of a fan, a unitary refractory heating element support having its ends connected with the interior of the casing and arranged in the path of the air from said fan, a resistance wire wound u on the said support, a switch for controlling the said resistance, a stand for carrying the casing, means whereby the said support and resistance wire and switch and the end portion of the casing may be turned upon the stand while the stand retains a stationary position.

In testimony whereof I atfix my signature.

ERNEST o. FREDERICS. 

